35- tqyw tkfr ds vR;f/kd miæo djus ij fczfV'k lsuk us
tqywyS.M ij lu~ 1879 esa /kkok cksy fn;kA
blU/kYokuk esa fczfV'k nLrs dk fouk'k gqvkA nwljs nLrs
eSjkuh;wthu ds fuokZflr iq= vkSj usiksfy;u r`rh; FksA jktdqekj bEihfj;y lcls
vkxs ds nLrs esa FksA ysfdu ,d geys ds nkSjku os ihNs jg x;s vkSj ?kksM+s ls
fxj iM+sA tqyw tkfr ds miæfo;ksa us rqjar cjNs ls mUgsa xksn fn;kA nks vaxj{kd
Hkh ogha ekjs x;s rhuksa dks ogha nQuk fn;k x;kA
jkuh ;wthu us
egkjkuh foDVksfj;k ls izkFkZuk dh fd mUgsa vius iq= ds vo'ks"k [kkst ykus
dh vuqefr nh tk;A lkyHkj ckn mUgsas tqywyS.M tkusdh vuqefr feyh] rc rd og LFkku
?kkl vkSj iks?kksa ls <d x;k Fkk dcz [kkst ikuk eqf'dy FkkA grk'k jkuh dks
lglk ou¶'ks dh xa/k vkbZ vkSj os nkSM+ iM+hA ou¶'ks dh xa/k ;g esjs cPps dh
cgqr ilan Fkh dqN gh nsj ckn os vius iq= dh dcz ij FkhaA
36- gaxjh us
cqMkisLV esa 5 ls 6 vDVwcj] 1955 ds chp gaxjh ,Y;wehfu;e mn~;ksx ds 20
o"kZ iwjs gksus ij ,Y;wfefu;u dk gh ,d fVfdV tkjh fd;k FkkA gkykafd ;g ,d
gokbZ tgkt Mkd fVfdV Fkk] tks /kkrq ij cuk;k x;k Fkk] ij ;g ukeek= dks Hkkjh
FkkA ,Y;qfefu;e dh irksZ ij fo'ks"k iz.kkyh }kjk ;s Nkis x;s FksA
37- fel
esfj;u Vdj U;w;kdZ ds ikaposa ,oU;w esa 60 uEcj ds edku esa jg jgh FkhaA ,d fnu
os ckgj dk njoktk cUn dj jgh Fkh fd ,d Hkæ O;fä ckgj fn[kkbZ fn;kA og Ýkalhlh
yx jgk Fkk rFkk vius vkidks chek dEiuh dk ,tsUV crkdj fel Vdj ls mudh izkphu
dykd`fr;ksa dh lqj{kk O;oLFkk dh tkudkjh pkghA fel Vdj us mUgsa O;oLFkk fn[kk
nhA
nwljs fnu fel
Vdj ds ckgj tkus ij chek izfrfuf/k egksn; tks okLro esa pksj Fks] ?kj esa ?kql
x;s vkSj lqj{kk O;oLFkk dks fujLr dj pqids ls pquh phtsa cVksjh vkSj ?kj ls
ckgjA ysfdu ckgj fudyrs gh flikfg;ksa us mls /kj fy;kA pksj egk'k; dks vk'p;Z
gqvk fd bruh lko/kkuh ls dke djus ij Hkh iqfyl dks [kcj dSls yx xbZ\ iwNus ij
flikfg;ks us cUn jks'kunkuksa ij pedrs v{kjksa esa fy[kk]^ lko/kku! pksj vUnj
gS * fn[kk;k rks flj idM+dj jg x;kA
38- phu ds
fo'kky lkezkT; ds lezkV feax gqvkax (701&762) dks phu dk 'kklu lEHkkyus ds
lkFk dfo yh rkbZ iks dk lfpo Hkh cukuk iM+kA lezkV lkfgR; izseh Fkk vkSj rkbZ
iks 'kjkc izsehA 'kjkc esa tke gyd ls mrjrs gh og dkO; ds ,d ls ,d mRd`"V
NUn lqukrk ijUrq u'kk mrjrs gh lc Hkwy tkrkA lezkV dks bl lkfgfR;d {kfr ls cgqr
nq%[k gqvk
rks og yh rkbZ iks dk lfpo cu x;k vkSj mlds NUnksa dks
fyfic) djus yxkA >ksad esa dkao us ml 'kkgh lfpo dh ukSdjh ls Hkh fudkyk vkSj
mldh lgk;rk ij gh iyrk jgkA lkezkT; dh lkjh e/kq'kkykvksa ds }kj dfo ds fy;s
[kqys FksA,d fnu ukSdkfogkj djrs le; ty esa iM+rh pkanuh dh ijNkbZ dks fdlh
lqUnjh dk lk;k le>dj dfo mls vkxks'k esa ysus ds fy;s dwnk vkSj Mwc dj ej
x;kA
39- pkYlZ
oFkZ uked cPpk ekpZ 1829 dks yanu esa iSnk gqvk FkkA pkj o"kZ esa gh o;Ld
gks x;k rFkk bldh nk<+h ewaN mx vkbZA lkr o"kZ dh vk;q esa mlds cky
lQsn gks x;s vkSj blh o"kZ mldh e`R;q gks xbZA
40- izFke
fo'o ;q) esa eqæk voewY;u ds dkj.k teZu ekdZ dh tks n'kk gqbZ Fkh fd Vªdks esa
Hkj dj uksV forj.k ds fy;s cSax vkrs FksA uksV /kM+k/kM+ Ni jgs FksA yksx
?kjksa esa cky isij yxkus dh txg uksV yxkuk vf/kd ilan djrs Fks D;ksafd os lLrs
iM+rs FksA 1 uoEcj 1923 dks ,d i=dkj us viuh jk;YVh dk pSd Hkquk;k mldh tsc esa
1-95 djksM+ #i;s Fks ij muls og ,d v[kckj Hkh ugha [kjhn ldkA ,d lykbZ dh dher
yxHkx 95]235 #i;s FkhA fpUrk ls jk"Vªifr gSosULVhu dh e`R;q gks xbZA muds
mÙkjkf/kdkjh MkWDVj tkyej us gkyr lq/kkjhA
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